Building libraries for Octopus from scratch using Autotools

Compiling Octopus on some systems might be difficult, this is mainly because some libraries are required and they have to be all compiled with same Fortran compiler. This is a guide on how to compile Octopus and the required libraries starting from scratch (a Fortran compiler is required) in a standard Unix system.

Prerequisites

You will need the following:

• A standard Unix/Linux system, where you want to install Octopus.
• A basic knowledge on how to use the system (manage files, edit text files, extract tar archives, etc.).
• A directory where we will install the created binaries, this can be a specially created directory or even your $HOME. From now, we will assume that the directory is <basedir>, whenever it appears you should replace it with the actual directory you are using. ‘‘Note that the files that you will download and the directories with the sources, including the ones of Octopus, don’t need to be placed in this directory.’’
• A working C compiler, gcc is the ideal choice for x86/x86_64 systems. For other platforms you might want to choose a compiler that produces more optimized code. We will assume that the command to run the compiler is <cc>.
• A working Fortran 95 compiler, if you don’t have one you can probably get [https://gcc.gnu.org/fortran/ gfortran] or [https://www.g95.org/ g95]. We will assume that the command to run the Fortran compiler is <f90>.
• If you are compiling for a dual 32/64 bits architecture, it is a good idea to tell the compilers explicitly what type of binaries you want, many problems are caused by unadvertedly mixing 32 and 64 bits code. For Octopus normally you will want a 64 bits binary (-m64 flag in most compilers). Since this flag should be passed always we recommend you to include it in the compiler command used in this guide (sometimes optimization flags are left out), so for example <cc> could be gcc -m64 .

Compiler flags

Since probably you want Octopus to run fast, you will probably would to set optimization flags for both the C and Fortran compilers on your system (at least -O3). In general Octopus should run fine with aggressive optimization options. We will assume now that you have found a set of flags for <cc> and <f90>, we will call them <cflags> and <fflags>. For example <cflags> could be -O3 -march=native .

Compilation of libraries

First we will compile and install the libraries required by Octopus.

BLAS

The first library we will compile is blas. We will use the generic reference implementation, this version is not highly optimized but it is free software and simple to install. So after you have a working version of Octopus you may want to use a more optimized blas implementation as [https://www.tacc.utexas.edu/resources/software/-blas libgoto], [https://math-atlas.sourceforge.net ATLAS], MKL, ACML, ESSL, etc.

• Download the package from the netlib site: https://www.netlib.org/blas/blas.tgz
• Extract the package and enter into the newly created BLAS directory.
• Edit the make.inc file and modify the definition of the fortran compiler that now should be:

 FORTRAN  = <f90>
 OPTS     = <fcflags>
 DRVOPTS  = $(OPTS)
 NOOPT    =
 LOADER   = <f90>
 LOADOPTS =

• Now type make to compile, this will take a while.
• One compilation is finished, create the directory <basedir>/lib

 mkdir <basedir>/lib

and copy the file blas_LINUX.a to <basedir>/lib/libblas.a

 cp blas_LINUX.a <basedir>/lib/libblas.a

LAPACK

We will use the open source reference implementation of Lapack.

• Get the Lapak package from netlib: https://www.netlib.org/lapack/lapack.tgz
• Extract the archive and enter the newly created lapack directory.
• Copy make.inc.example to make.inc :

 cp make.inc.example make.inc

• Edit make.inc to indicate the compiler the will be used. The relevant part of the file should look like:

 FORTRAN  = <f90>
 OPTS     = <fcflags>
 DRVOPTS  = $(OPTS)
 NOOPT    =
 LOADER   = <f90>
 LOADOPTS =

• Now build the library with

 make lib

• Copy the newly created library lapack_LINUX.a to <basedir>/lib/liblapack.a .

GSL

• Get the source of the latest version of GSL from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gsl/ , currently it is GSL 1.16: ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gsl/gsl-1.16.tar.gz .
• Extract the archive and enter the newly created directory.
• Run the configure script with:

 ./configure CC="<cc>" --prefix=<basedir> --disable-shared --enable-static

• Compile and install:

 make
 make install

FFTW 3

• Get the sources for the latest version of [https://www.fftw.org/ FFTW], currently https://www.fftw.org/fftw-3.3.4.tar.gz .
• Extract the archive and enter the newly created directory.
• Configure:

 ./configure  --prefix=<basedir> CC="<cc>" CFLAGS="<cflags>" F77="<f90>" F77FLAGS="<fflags>"

• Compile and install:

 make
 make install

LibXC

• Get libxc, currently https://gitlab.com/libxc/libxc/-/archive//libxc-.tar.bz2 .
• Extract the archive and enter the newly created directory.

 tar -xvzf libxc-.tar.gz
 cd libxc-

• Configure:

 ./configure --prefix=<basedir> CC="<cc>" CFLAGS="<cflags>" FC="<f90>" FCFLAGS="<fcflags>"

• Compile and install:

 make
 make install

Compilation of Octopus

After compiling the libraries, now we are ready to compile Octopus. These are the steps you have to follow:

• Download the last version of Octopus: https://octopus-code.org/download/15/octopus-15.tar.gz
• Extract the file and enter the newly created directory.
• Define the following environment variables to be used by the configure script (we assume that you are using bash, if you are using another shell, the commands should be modified accordingly):

 export LIBS_BLAS=<basedir>/lib/libblas.a
 export LIBS_LAPACK=<basedir>/lib/liblapack.a
 export LIBS_FFT=<basedir>/lib/libfftw3.a

• Now call the configure script:

 ./configure CC="<cc>" CFLAGS="<cflags>" FC="<f90>" FCFLAGS="<fcflags>" --prefix=<basedir> --with-gsl-prefix=<basedir> --with-libxc-prefix=<basedir>

• Compile and install

 make
 make install

• If everything went fine, you should have Octopus installed in the <basedir> directory, this means that the executables are in <basedir>/bin/ . You may want to add this last directory to your path to run octopus commands directly, otherwise you will have to give the full path.
• To test the compilation is correct, you can run the testsuite of Octopus, that compares the results obtained with the created version against reference values. To do it, run

 make check

All tests should be passed if the compilation is correct. If all of them fail, there is probably a problem with your executable, typically missing dynamic libraries. If just some fail, there might be a more serious problem, we recommend you to look for help in the [[Mailing lists]].

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